一种自适应涡团法

涡团法对二维无粘不可压缩流动是具有吸引力的数值方法．本文应用Ｄｅｌａｕａｙ三角形，提出了一种自适应涡团法．数值结果表明，本文涡团法比传统涡团法有更高的精度，能适应于长时间历程问题．     

西南涡大气边界层结构的数值模拟Ⅱ:边界层物理量的数值分析

本文在计算分析了一个西南涡Ekman层流场特征的基础上,进一步对该西南涡边界层涡度、散度和垂直速度进行了数值分析,初步得出了西南涡在边界层内的垂直结构及物理量分布特征。     

射流纵向涡强化换热的数值模拟

为研究射流引起的纵向涡对流动和换热性能的影响,采用数值方法模拟了三维矩形通道内有射流从底面进入时的定常、不可压层流对流换热,得到了纵向涡影响下的速度场和温度场以及沿流动方向局部Nusselt数的分布.以场协同原理为指导,分析了射流纵向涡强化换热的原因,并进一步研究了射流角对纵向涡的换热强化效果的影响.结果表明 纵向涡改善了通道内速度场和温度场的协同关系,强化了对流换热; 射流垂直底面入射时,纵向涡的换热强化效果较好.     

高TC超导体的涡旋相结构与超声衰减关系研究

根据Fisher的超导涡旋玻璃相理论,提出了高温超导体混合态超声衰减的涡旋形态模型．论述了高温超导体混合态复杂的相结构,给出了各向异性高温超导体的混合态相图．概括出超声衰减两种类型：钟型(衰减较缓慢)与λ型(衰减较迅速),并且揭示相应的相结构及其特点．同时指出：在温度比超导临界温度低的情况下Pankert超声波与涡旋线相互钉扎机制较为适用,在温度较超导临界温度高的情况,涡旋线相变模型较为适用．     

Nitric oxide produced by cumulus cells stimulates maturation of mouse oocytes

The effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of nitric oxide, on meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes was studied by injecting N^w-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) intra-peritoneal (ip), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, or culturing oocytes in the medium supplemented with L-NAME or hypoxanthine (HX) to arrest the spontaneous oocyte maturation in vitro. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of L-NAME by injecting 10 mg/kg ip on extrusion of the first polar body only could be reversed by injecting 2.5 mg/kg SNP with L-NAME simultaneously (P < 0.05). Half an hour later ten mice died when given 10 mg/kg SNP ip. The treatment of some concentrations of SNP (10^–7, 10^–6, 10^–5mol/L) significantly stimulated meiotic maturation to metaphase Ⅱ stages in cumulus enclosed oocytes in the presence of HX. However, other concentrations of SNP (10^–8, 10^–4, 10^–3 mol/L) had no effect on HX-arrested oocyte meiotic maturation. The optimal concentration of SNP on CEOs had no effect on DOs. The dose of 10^–3 mol/LL-NAME demonstrated a significant suppression in formation of PB₁, but not in GVBD. This inhibition was reversed by the addition of SNP. These results indicated that the physiological levels of NO produced by cumulus cells could stimulate meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes both in vivo and in vitro.     

排水系统入海口新型消能工

通过实体模型试验研究了某排水系统入海口水工建筑物的水力性能，设计提出一种新型的墩栅涡流室消能工。该新型消能工的水力特点是：流出排水隧洞的高速水流大部分通过进口墩栅空隙流入涡流室，小部分在进口墩栅前发生水跃后扎入涡流室中产生强烈的顺时针漩涡，通过水跃、墩栅的阻力和涡流室漩涡的共同作用消能，并将来流的动能转换为势能，之后，涡流室中的大部分水流在重力作用下通过出口墩栅空隙流向下游，其余水流从墩栅项部溢流。这种新型的墩栅涡流室不仅消能效果良好而且出流均匀，并容许各种杂物如石块、泥沙等自由通过，避免涡流室中发生严重的淤积。     

中国东部地区一个中尺度对流涡旋的涡度收支分析

中尺度对流涡旋(MCV),与其他中尺度涡旋不同,有着其独特的动力机制与发展途径.一旦MCV形成,极易产生灾害性天气过程.为了解我国的MCV,使用非静力中尺度模式天气预报和研究模式对中国东部2003年7月4至5日降水过程进行了高分辨率的双向三重嵌套的数值模拟.与观测资料比较,模拟结果较为准确地再现了当时的大气状况.采用了空间滤波的方法对模式结果进行了大尺度背景场与中尺度扰动场的尺度分离,对MCV的结构与移动进行分析,并追随MCV的活动对其的涡度收支情况进行诊断分析.分析表明,大尺度背景场与中尺度扰动场对MCV的作用有着明显的差异.MCV的移动由大尺度背景风场引导;其中辐合作用直接决定了MCV的形成与发展,大尺度水平运动对中尺度涡度的水平输送为水平平流项的主要部分.而由垂直风速的水平变化所导致的水平涡度的倾斜作用在此MCV形成与发展阶段作用并不明显.成熟时的MCV与成熟时的中尺度对流复合体类似有着3个明显的环流,在对流层高层与低层均为辐散反气旋性环流,对流层中层则为较为深厚的气旋性环流.     

Numerical simulation of Meiyu front and the diagnosis of moist vorticity vector

Moist vorticity vector is introduced to study the development and evolution of mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) in the Meiyu front precipitation with the Advanced Regional Predication System (ARPS). In this study, the heavy rainfall is simulated to investigate the genesis, development and dissipation of middle scale convective vortex, which occurred from 0000 UTC 3 July to 1200 UTC 5 July over the Jianghuai River valley. Moist vorticity vector (MVV) has zonal, radial and vertical components in its 3D spatial distribution. The simulation shows that the vertical component of moist vorticity vector well demonstrates the spatial distribution characteristics of middle scale convective vortex, especially in the process of Meiyu front precipitation. Diagnosis upon zonal, radial averaged and mass-integrated quantities of MVV shows that its vertical component and the surface precipitating ratio are in phase with a correlation coefficient of 0.68, indicating that the vertical component of MVV is closely associated with the Meiyu front precipitation. In addition, the tendency of the vertical component of MVV is mainly determined by the interaction between the vorticity and the zonal and radial gradient of condensational or depositional heating.     

导叶式旋风管排气管内流动减阻的试验研究

通过对导叶式旋风管内流动参数的测量分析,发现排气管内气流旋转强度高,并存在“滞流”、“倒流”及逆压梯度等无益于颗粒分离的流动状态,造成排气管内压力损失约占旋风管总压降的22%。在排气管内安装框形结构后,可有效削弱和抑制上述耗能流动,在保证分离效率基本不变的前提下,使旋风管减阻幅度达到9%。     

激光电离空气的多元过程及其应用

论述了由大功率激光器引发的空气电离多元过程。阐明多光子电离和串级电离在空气激光电离中的地位及空气电离对激光阈值的要求。在此基础上，对激光电离空气在激光致僵武器中的应用和研制激光致僵武器的可行性作出阐述。